สารทำความเย็น
05 มิถุนายน 2564
ผู้ชม 1199 ผู้ชม
Refrigerants - Physical Properties
Physical properties of refrigerants - molecular weight, boiling, freezing and critical points
Physical properties of some common refrigerants:
|
Refrigerant |
Name |
|
Molecular Mass |
Boiling point |
Freezing Point |
Critical Point |
||
|
Chemical Symbol |
Temperature |
Pressure |
Specific Volume |
|||||
|
R-10 |
Carbontetrachloride |
|
153.8 |
170.2 |
|
|
|
|
|
R-11 |
Trichlorofluoromethane1) |
|
137.37 |
74.9 |
-168 |
388 |
640 |
0.0289 |
|
|
120.91 |
-21.8 |
-252 |
234 |
597 |
0.0287 |
||
|
R-13 |
Monochlorotrifluoromethane |
|
104.46 |
-114.6 |
-294 |
84 |
561 |
0.0277 |
|
R-13B1 |
Bromotrifluoromethane |
|
148.91 |
-72 |
-270 |
153 |
575 |
0.0215 |
|
R-14 |
Tetrafluoromethane (Carbon tetrafluoride) |
|
88.00 |
-198.2 |
-299 |
-50 |
543 |
0.0256 |
|
R-14 |
Chloroform |
|
119.4 |
142 |
|
|
|
|
|
R-21 |
Dichloro-fluoromethane |
|
102.92 |
48.1 |
-211 |
|
|
|
|
R-22 |
Difluoromonochloromethane3) |
|
86.468 |
-41.3 |
-256 |
205 |
722 |
0.0305 |
|
R-23 |
Trifluormethane |
|
70 |
-119.9 |
|
|
|
|
|
R-30 |
Methylene Chloride |
|
84.9 |
105.2 |
|
|
|
|
|
R-31 |
Monochloromonofluoromethane |
|
68.5 |
48.0 |
|
|
|
|
|
R-32 |
Methylene Fluoride |
|
52.0 |
-61.4 |
|
|
|
|
|
R-40 |
Chloromethane (Methyl Chloride) |
|
50.488 |
-10.7 |
-144 |
290 |
969 |
0.0454 |
|
R-41 |
Methyl Fluoride |
|
34.0 |
-109 |
|
|
|
|
|
R-50 |
Methane |
|
16.044 |
-259 |
-296.6 |
|
|
|
|
R-110 |
Hexachloroethane |
|
236.8 |
365 |
|
|
|
|
|
R-111 |
Pentachloromonofluoroethane |
|
220.3 |
279 |
|
|
|
|
|
R-112 |
Tetrachlorodifluoroethane |
|
203.8 |
199.0 |
|
|
|
|
|
R-113 |
Trichlorotrifluoroethane4) |
|
187.39 |
118 |
-31 |
417 |
499 |
0.0278 |
|
R-114 |
1,2-dichloro-1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethane |
|
170.92 |
38.4 |
-137 |
294 |
473 |
0.0275 |
|
R-115 |
Chloropentafluoroethane |
|
154.47 |
-38.0 |
-149 |
176 |
458 |
0.0261 |
|
R-116 |
Hexafluoroethane |
|
138.0 |
-108.8 |
|
|
|
|
|
R-120 |
Pentachloroethane |
|
202.3 |
324 |
|
|
|
|
|
R-123 |
Dichlorotrifluoroethane5) |
|
152.93 |
82 |
-161 |
363 |
533 |
|
|
R-124 |
Monochlorotetrafluoroethane |
|
136.5 |
10.4 |
|
|
|
|
|
R-125 |
Pentafluoroethane |
|
120 |
-55 |
|
|
|
|
|
R-133a |
Monochlorotrifluoroethane |
|
118.5 |
43.0 |
|
|
|
|
|
R-134a |
Tetrafluoroethane6) |
|
102.03 |
-15 |
-142 |
214 |
590 |
0.0290 |
|
R-140a |
Trichloroethane |
|
133.4 |
165 |
|
|
|
|
|
R-142b |
1-chloro-1,1-difluoroethane |
|
100.50 |
14 |
-204 |
279 |
598 |
0.0368 |
|
R-143a |
Trifluoroethane |
|
84 |
-53.5 |
|
|
|
|
|
R-150a |
Dichloroethane |
|
98.9 |
140 |
|
|
|
|
|
R-152a |
Difluoroethane |
|
66.05 |
-13 |
|
|
|
|
|
R-160 |
Ethyl Chloride |
|
64.515 |
12.2 |
-218 |
|
|
|
|
R-170 |
Ethane |
|
30.070 |
-127 |
-278 |
90 |
710 |
0.0830 |
|
R-218 |
Octafluoropropane |
|
188 |
-36.4 |
|
|
|
|
|
R-290 |
Propane |
|
44.097 |
-44 |
-309.8 |
206 |
617 |
0.0728 |
|
RC-318 |
Octafluorocyclobutane |
|
200.04 |
22 |
-43 |
240 |
404 |
0.0258 |
|
R-410A |
R-32 Difluoromethane (50% weight), R-125 Pentafluoroethane (50% weight) |
|
72.6 |
-55.4 |
|
162 |
690 |
|
|
R-500 |
Dichlorodifluoromethane/ |
|
99.31 |
-28 |
-254 |
222 |
642 |
0.0323 |
|
R-502 |
Chlorodifluoromethane/ |
|
111.63 |
-50 |
|
180 |
591 |
0.0286 |
|
R-503 |
Chlorotrifluoromethane/ |
|
87.50 |
-128 |
|
67 |
607 |
0.0326 |
|
R-600 |
n-Butane |
|
58.12 |
31.2 |
-217 |
306 |
551 |
0.0702 |
|
R-600a |
Isobutane (2-Methyl propane) |
|
58.12 |
10.8 |
-229 |
275 |
529 |
0.0725 |
|
R-611 |
Methyl formate |
|
60.05 |
89 |
-146 |
417 |
870 |
0.0459 |
|
R-702 |
Hydrogen |
|
2.016 |
-423 |
-434.6 |
|
|
|
|
R-704 |
Helium |
|
4.0026 |
-452 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
17.02 |
-28 |
-107.9 |
271 |
1657 |
0.0680 |
||
|
R-720 |
Neon |
|
20.179 |
-410.9 |
-415.6 |
|
|
|
|
R-728 |
Nitrogen |
|
28.0134 |
-320.4 |
-346 |
|
|
|
|
R-729 |
Air |
|
28.966 |
-320 |
-357.2 |
|
|
|
|
R-732 |
Oxygen |
|
31.9988 |
-297.3 |
-361.3 |
|
|
|
|
R-740 |
Argon |
|
39.948 |
-303 |
-308.5 |
|
|
|
|
R-744 |
Carbon Dioxide |
|
44.01 |
-109.4 |
-70 |
88 |
1070 |
0.0342 |
|
R-744A |
Nitrous Oxide |
|
44.012 |
-127.3 |
-131.5 |
|
|
|
|
R-764 |
Sulfur Dioxide |
|
64.06 |
14.0 |
-104 |
316 |
1143 |
0.0306 |
|
R-1150 |
Ethylene |
|
28.05 |
-155 |
-272 |
49 |
742 |
0.0700 |
|
R-1270 |
Propylene |
|
42.08 |
-54 |
-301 |
197 |
670 |
0.0720 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1) Production of R11 or CFC-11 was halted by the clean air act on January 1, 1996
2) Production of R12 or CFC-12 (Dichlorodifluoromethane) was halted by the clean air act on January 1, 1996
3) R22 or HCFC-22 is a single component HCFC refrigerant with low ozone depletion potential. It has long been used in a variety of air-conditioning and refrigeration applications in a variety of markets, including appliance, construction, food processing, and supermarkets. Production of R-22 halted in US 2015.
4) Production of R113 or CFC-113 was halted by the clean air act on January 1, 1996
5) R123 or HCFC-123 is a replacement for R11 in chillers and is providing this new refrigerant to chiller manufacturers for use in new and existing chillers
6) Refrigerant R134a or HFC-134a is a commercially available hydrofluorocarbon (HFC) refrigerant for use as a long-term replacement for R-12 in new equipment and for retrofitting medium temperature CFC-12 systems
7) Production of R-500 was halted by the clean air act on January 1, 1996.
Low Pressure, Medium Pressure and High Pressure Refrigerants
Typical low, medium and high pressure refrigerants are listed in the table below:
|
Refrigerants |
||
|
Low Pressure |
R11 |
Trichlorofluoromethane |
|
R13 |
Chlorotrifluoromethane |
|
|
R113 |
Trichlorotrifluoroethane |
|
|
R123 |
Dichlorotrifluoroethane |
|
|
Medium Pressure |
R114 |
1,2-dichloro-1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethane |
|
High Pressure |
R12 |
|
|
R22 |
Chlorodifluoromethane |
|
|
R134a |
Tetrafluoroethane |
|
|
R410A |
Difluoromethane/Pentafluoroethane |
|
|
R500 |
Dichlorodifluoromethane/ |
|
|
R502 |
Chlorodifluoromethane/ |
|
CFC, HCFC, HFC and HC Refrigerants
Refrigerants can be classified as CFC's - ChloroFluoroCarbons refrigerants,
HCFC's - HydroChloroFluorCarbons refrigerants,
HFC's - HydroFluorCarbons refrigerants and HC - HydroCarbon refrigerants.
|
Refrigerants |
||
|
CFC |
R11 |
Trichlorofluoromethane |
|
R12 |
||
|
R13 |
Chlorotrifluoromethane |
|
|
R113 |
Trichlorotrifluoroethane |
|
|
R114 |
1,2-dichloro-1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethane |
|
|
R500 |
Dichlorodifluoromethane/ |
|
|
R502 |
Chlorodifluoromethane/ |
|
|
R503 |
Chlorotrifluoromethane/ |
|
|
HCFC |
R22 |
Chlorodifluoromethane |
|
R123 |
Dichlorotrifluoroethane |
|
|
R124 |
Chlorotetrafluoroethane |
|
|
R401a |
R22(53%)/R152a(13%)/R124(34%) |
|
|
R401b |
R22(61%)/R152a(11%)/R124(28%) |
|
|
R402a |
R22(38%)/R125(60%)/R290(2%) |
|
|
R403b |
R22(56%)/R218(39%)/R290(5%) |
|
|
R406a |
R22(55%)/R600a(4%)/R142b(41%) |
|
|
R408a |
R125(7%)/R143a(46%)/R22(47%) |
|
|
R409a |
R22(60%)/R124(25%)/R142b(15%) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
HFC |
R23 |
Trifluoromethane |
|
R134a |
Tetrafluoroethane |
|
|
R404a |
R125(44%)/R143a(52%)/R134a(4%) |
|
|
R407a |
R32(20%)/R125(40%)/R134a(40%) |
|
|
R410a |
R32(50%)/R125(50%) |
|
|
R416a |
R134a(59%)/R124(39.5%)/R600(1.5%) |
|
|
R507 |
R125(50%)/R143a(50%) |
|
|
R508a |
R23(39%)/R116(61%) |
|
|
HC |
R600 |
butane |
|
R600a |
iso-butane |
|
